City of Annapolis
Maryland · Est. 1649
Homeowner Permits · Building

Residential Building Permit.

For decks, additions, finishing a basement, structural changes, and most exterior work on a single-family home. This guide walks you through everything you need from start to certificate of occupancy.

✓ Single-family homes ✓ Townhomes ⚠ Special rules: Historic District ⚠ Special rules: Critical Area
At a glance

This permit, in numbers

Typical fee
$185 – $850 · varies by project size
Review time
10–15 business days · longer if Historic
Validity
180 days to begin work
Inspections
3–5 depending on scope
Apply
Online via CSS Portal · 24/7
Code section

Do I need this permit?

Quick check

Yes — definitely need one

If your project involves any of these, a building permit is required:

  • New deck, porch, or balcony
  • Room addition or expansion
  • Finishing a basement or attic
  • Removing or moving a wall
  • New windows that change opening size
  • Roof replacement (full structural)
  • New or replacement detached garage
  • Foundation work
?

Maybe — depends on details

These need a permit only if certain conditions apply:

  • Replacement siding (if changing material)
  • Roof replacement (in-kind, like-for-like)
  • Window replacement (same size, same place)
  • Storage sheds over 200 sq ft
  • Fences over 6 ft tall
  • Driveway expansion (over 200 sq ft)
  • Retaining walls over 4 ft

No — permit not required

Routine maintenance and minor work generally don't need a permit:

  • Interior painting and wallpaper
  • Carpet, flooring replacement
  • Cabinet replacement (no plumbing/electric)
  • Like-for-like fixture swap
  • Small repairs & patching
  • Landscaping (non-structural)
  • Sheds under 200 sq ft
  • Decorative fences under 6 ft

The full process

6 steps · ~3–6 weeks total
01
~1 day

Prepare your plans & documents

Gather everything before you submit — incomplete applications cause most delays. The exact list depends on your project type, but you'll always need a property survey, a site plan, and detailed construction drawings.

Site plan showing property lines, existing structures, and proposed work
Construction drawings with dimensions, materials, structural details
Property survey dated within 5 years
Photos of existing conditions

See the full required documents list ↓

DIY · No fee
02
~30 min

Submit through the CSS Portal

All building permit applications are filed online through the Citizen Self-Service (CSS) Portal. Create an account, fill out the application, upload all required documents, and pay the application fee.

Account required (free, one-time setup)
Application fee $65 paid at submission
Documents uploaded as PDFs (under 50 MB each)
Track status from your dashboard
Online · CSS Portal Open portal →
03
10–15 days

Plan review by city staff

Your application is routed to multiple departments for review: Building, Zoning, and (if applicable) Historic, Critical Area, and Public Works. You may receive comments asking for revisions — respond promptly to avoid restarting the clock.

Building review code compliance, structural
Zoning review setbacks, lot coverage, use
Historic review if in Historic District (+15 days)
Critical Area review if within 1,000 ft of Bay (+10 days)
Online · Tracked
04
~1 day

Pay permit fee & receive permit

Once approved, you'll get an invoice for the final permit fee based on the valuation of your project. Pay online or in person. You'll then receive your permit by email — print and post it visibly at the work site before beginning construction.

Fee structure sliding scale based on project value
Payment credit card, ACH, or check
Permit card must be posted on site
180 days to begin work or permit expires
Online · Card or ACH
05
During work

Schedule inspections as work progresses

Most projects need 3–5 inspections at key milestones. You (or your contractor) request each inspection online at least 24 hours in advance. An inspector visits the site, checks the work, and either approves or notes corrections needed.

Request online via CSS Portal
24-hour notice minimum
Same-day results usually
Failed? Fix it and request re-inspection ($45)

See the inspection checklist ↓

In-person · On-site
06
After final insp.

Final inspection & certificate of occupancy

Once all work is complete and all inspections pass, request a final inspection. The inspector verifies everything is up to code, signs off, and you receive a Certificate of Occupancy (or Certificate of Completion for non-occupancy work). This is your record that the work was legal and inspected.

Certificate issued within 5 days of passing
Save it for future home sale
Public record available in property file
Tax assessment may be updated
Free

Required documents

Have these ready before you start
Completed application form Required
Fillable online in the CSS Portal — no separate PDF needed if filing online.
Site plan Required
Drawn to scale (typically 1"=10' or 1"=20'). Shows property lines, all existing structures, the proposed work, setbacks from each lot line, and lot coverage calculations.
Construction drawings Required
Floor plans, elevations, cross-sections, and structural details. Must include dimensions, materials, framing details, and connection details. For structural changes, drawings must be sealed by a Maryland-licensed engineer or architect.
Property survey Required
Recent survey (within 5 years) showing the legal boundaries of your lot. If you don't have one, you'll need to commission a new survey from a Maryland-licensed surveyor before applying.
Photos of existing conditions Required
Minimum 4 photos showing the front, sides, and area of proposed work. Required for all projects; especially important for additions and exterior changes.
Contractor license info If using contractor
Your contractor's Maryland Home Improvement Commission license number. Homeowners doing their own work on their primary residence are exempt and may sign a homeowner declaration instead.
Historic Preservation approval If in Historic District
Certificate of Approval from the Historic Preservation Commission for any exterior work visible from a public way. Apply for this before your building permit — it's a separate process that takes 3–6 weeks.
Critical Area worksheet If within 1,000 ft of Bay
Impervious surface calculations and buffer analysis for any work within the Chesapeake Bay Critical Area. The Critical Area officer reviews to ensure compliance with state and city environmental rules.
Stormwater management plan Projects over 5,000 sq ft disturbance
Required when ground disturbance exceeds 5,000 sq ft. Plan must be designed by a licensed engineer and address runoff, erosion control, and water quality.

What it costs

Example · 250 sq ft deck addition

Fee breakdown

Sample calculation · project value $18,000
Application filing fee
Flat fee paid at submission. Non-refundable.
$65 flat
$65.00
Building permit fee
Based on project valuation. Sliding scale for residential.
$10 per $1,000 of project value, min $50
$180.00 $18,000 × $10/$1,000
Plan review fee
Cost of staff plan review across departments.
35% of permit fee
$63.00
State surcharge
Maryland statewide building permit surcharge.
$10 flat
$10.00
Technology fee
Supports the CSS Portal and digital plan review system.
3% of total
$9.54
Total — typical 250 sq ft deck
All fees rolled together
$327.54
Bigger or smaller project? Use the fee calculator for an estimate based on your project value. Re-inspection fees ($45 each) and after-the-fact penalties ($250+) are not included above.

Inspections you'll need

For a typical deck addition
INSPECTION 01

Footing inspection

Inspector verifies the holes for your footings are deep enough (below the frost line — 30" in Annapolis), wide enough, and in the right location per your approved drawings.

Schedule when
Holes are dug but before concrete is poured. Cannot pour without passing this inspection.
INSPECTION 02

Framing inspection

Inspector verifies structural framing — beams, joists, posts, ledger attachment, and connections all match the approved drawings. Look for proper hardware, lag bolts vs. nails, and flashing.

Schedule when
Framing is complete but before decking, railing, or finish materials are installed.
INSPECTION 03

Electrical (if applicable)

Required only if you're adding receptacles, lighting, or a hot tub. Inspector verifies wiring methods, GFCI protection, and grounding. Outdoor receptacles must be weather-resistant and GFCI-protected.

Schedule when
Wiring is run and connected but before outlets are covered or buried in decking.
INSPECTION 04

Final inspection

The big one. Inspector verifies everything matches the approved drawings, railing heights meet code (36" min for residential), guards meet 4" sphere rule, and the deck is safe and complete.

Schedule when
All work is complete. Passing this inspection = Certificate of Completion.

Common mistakes to avoid

From our permit reviewers
!

The 6 most common things that delay applications

  • Starting work before the permit is issued. "Stop work" orders, double fees, and after-the-fact permit penalties (minimum $250) all apply. The 180-day clock starts when the permit is issued, not when you applied — so don't jump the gun.
  • Site plan missing setbacks or lot coverage. We need to see your distance from each property line to the nearest part of the new structure, plus updated lot coverage percentages. Without these, zoning kicks the application back and the clock restarts.
  • Old survey or no survey at all. We require a survey within 5 years. Older surveys may not reflect easements, encroachments, or boundary corrections. If you don't have one, get one before applying — it can take 2–3 weeks.
  • Forgetting Historic District review. If you're in the Historic District, you need a Certificate of Approval from the HPC before applying for a building permit. Submitting the building permit first wastes 2–3 weeks of review time.
  • Not posting the permit on site. The permit card must be visible from the public right-of-way at all times during construction. Inspectors will not perform inspections if the permit isn't posted, and a stop-work order can be issued.
  • Letting the permit expire. Permits are valid for 180 days from issuance. If you haven't started work, request an extension before expiration — extensions are free if requested on time, but you'll need to reapply (and pay again) if it lapses.

Frequently asked questions

Top 6 from our help desk
Can I do the work myself, or do I have to hire a contractor? +
Homeowners can perform work on their own primary residence without a contractor's license. You'll sign a homeowner declaration as part of the application. However, if any portion of the work is sold or contracted to others, those workers must be licensed. Electrical and plumbing work require licensed Maryland trades regardless of whether you live in the home.
What if my project is in the Historic District? +
You'll need a Certificate of Approval from the Historic Preservation Commission for any exterior change visible from a public way before applying for your building permit. The HPC meets twice monthly; review takes about 3–6 weeks. For interior-only work, no HPC review is needed. More about HPC →
How long does a permit last? +
Building permits are valid for 180 days to begin work. Once work has begun, you have one (1) year from the permit issuance date to complete the work and pass final inspection. Extensions are available if requested before expiration. Failure to make progress (no passed inspection for 180 consecutive days) is also grounds for expiration.
Can I expedite my review? +
Standard review is 10–15 business days. Express review (5 business days) is available for an additional 50% fee, subject to staff availability. Submit a complete application — incomplete applications cannot be expedited. Express service is most useful when you need to start work quickly and your project is straightforward.
What if I already did the work without a permit? +
Apply for an "after-the-fact" permit as soon as possible. The fee is double the standard permit fee, plus a $250 penalty. The work must still pass inspection — which may require opening walls or undoing finished work. Filing voluntarily is always better than getting caught: enforcement penalties can exceed $1,000 per violation and create issues when selling the property.
Will the inspector tell me what's wrong if I fail? +
Yes. Inspectors leave a written report after every inspection — either a green tag (pass) or a red tag (fail with specific corrections noted). The report describes exactly what needs to change. Fix the items, then request a re-inspection ($45). You can also call the inspector directly to clarify any corrections before scheduling a re-inspection.